Ellington was born on April 29, 1899, to James Edward Ellington and Daisy (Kennedy) Ellington in Washington, D.C. Duke Ellington lived in New York City in the mid-1920s and gained popularity through his appearances at the Cotton Club Harlem. And since his death in 1974, it has become not at all uncommon to see him named, along with Charles Ives, as the greatest composer we have produced, regardless of category. Recordings exist of Nance's first concert date on November 7, 1940, at Fargo, North Dakota. At his funeral, attended by over 12,000 people at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, Ella Fitzgerald summed up the occasion: "It's a very sad day. Stevie Wonder wrote the song "Sir Duke" as a tribute to Ellington which appeared on his album Songs in the Key of Life released in 1976. After Duke died, his son Mercer took over leadership of the orchestra, continuing until his own death in 1996. Sonny Greer had been providing occasional vocals and continued to do in a cross-talk feature with Anderson. Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington was born in Washington D.C. on April 29, 1899. [36] Nicknamed "Swee' Pea" for his mild manner, Strayhorn soon became a vital member of the Ellington organization. On the band's tour through the segregated South in 1934, they avoided some of the traveling difficulties of African-Americans by touring in private railcars. As the cost of hiring big bands had increased, club owners now found smaller jazz groups more cost-effective. Ellington's professional career began in the 1920s. In June 1923, a gig in Atlantic City, New Jersey, another at the prestigious Exclusive Club in Harlem. When his drummer Sonny Greer was invited to join the Wilber Sweatman Orchestra in New York City, Ellington left his successful career in D.C. and moved to Harlem, ultimately becoming part of the Harlem Renaissance. Husband of Private Analyzes how ellington has made jazz more accepted as an art form and genre. Spouse's Birth Date: 1879 [77], In 1986 a United States commemorative stamp was issued featuring Ellington's likeness.[78]. Ellington is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, New York City. [11] Ellington went to Armstrong Technical High School in Washington, D.C. His first job was selling peanuts at Washington Senators baseball games. What were Duke Ellington's goals? Festival appearances at the new Monterey Jazz Festival and elsewhere provided venues for live exposure, and a European tour in 1958 was well received. He was known to play the bugle at the end of each performance. His mother, Daisy (Kennedy) Ellington was the daughter of a former slave. Edward Kennedy Ellington was born on April 29, 1899 at 1217 22nd Street NW, Washington D.C. His family had strong roots in Washington. Try again later. [2]. Duke Ellington - Biography. Duke turned 65 in the spring of 1964 but showed no signs of slowing down as he continued to make vital and innovative recordings, including The Far East Suite (1966), New Orleans Suite (1970), Latin American Suite (1972) and The Afro-Eurasian Eclipse (1971), much of it inspired by his world tours. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. Photo: Bettmann/Getty Images. In 1961, he formally added the following non-segregation clause to his contracts: It is mutually agreed and understood between all parties concerned, that the artist or artists have the prerogative of canceling this contract, if in any instance an audience is segregated because of race or color.. He had composed and recorded "Creole Rhapsody" as early as 1931 (issued as both sides of a 12" record for Victor and both sides of a 10" record for Brunswick), and a tribute to his mother, "Reminiscing in Tempo", took four 10" record sides to record in 1935 after her death in that year. It has become customary to ascribe the classical influences upon Duke Delius, Debussy and Ravel to direct contact with their music. Daisy primarily played parlor songs and J.E. Ellington recorded for most American record companies of his era, performed in several films, scored several, and composed a handful of stage musicals. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. Ellington built his music business through his day job: when a customer asked him to make a sign for a dance or party, he would ask if they had musical entertainment; if not, Ellington would offer to play for the occasion. He studied music at the Armstrong Manual Training School and the Duke Ellington School of Music. There are hundreds of albums dedicated to the music of Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn by artists famous and obscure. preferred operatic arias. After his death, West 106th Street was officially renamed Duke Ellington Boulevard. Some of Ellington's new works, such as the wordless vocal feature "Transblucency" (1946) with Kay Davis, was not going to have a similar reach as the newly emerging stars. [23] Ellington had to increase from a six to eleven-piece group to meet the requirements of the Cotton Club's management for the audition,[24] and the engagement finally began on December 4. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. [62] The Steinway piano upon which the Sacred Concerts were composed is part of the collection of the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. New York City also boasts a statue of the musician, located just above Central Park, and in 2009, then-Mayor Michael Bloomberg declared that April 29the Dukes birthdaywould officially be known as Duke Ellington Day in the Big Apple. Age: 19 Who was Duke Ellington's parents? One peak period for the band was from 1939 to 1942, when many critics considered its performances unrivaled by any other jazz ensemble. NEW YORK (UPI) Jazz musician, vote at Jim Continued on Page 9 NEW YORK (UPI) Jazz musician, music .1 mourn his loss both as musician and warm friend." The short-lived Jimmy Blanton transformed the use of double bass in jazz, allowing it to function as a solo/melodic instrument rather than a rhythm instrument alone. [citation needed], The original Ellington at Newport album was the first release in a new recording contract with Columbia Records which yielded several years of recording stability, mainly under producer Irving Townsend, who coaxed both commercial and artistic productions from Ellington.[56]. For agent Mills the attention was a publicity triumph, as Ellington was now internationally known. Edward Kennedy Ellington was born on April 29, 1899 to James Edward Ellington and Daisy Kennedy Ellington. They played at rent-house parties for income. But social justice wasnt only woven into the fabric of Ellingtons compositions themselves. Search above to list available cemeteries. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. Ellington also recorded songs written by his bandsmen, for example Juan Tizol's "Caravan", and "Perdido", which brought a Spanish tinge to big band jazz. Weekly radio broadcasts from the club gave Ellington national exposure, while Ellington also recorded Fields-JMcHugh and Fats WallerAndy Razaf songs. Family members linked to this person will appear here. Duke's parents James Edward Ellington and Daisy Kennedy Ellington worked hard but earned good livings. A complex, private person, he revealed his feelings to only his closest intimates and effectively used his public persona to deflect attention away from himself. His mother, Daisy Kennedy Ellington, was a singer. There is a problem with your email/password. They enrolled Ellington in piano lessons during grade school with a teacher named Mrs. Clinkscales, whod later get to see her former student perform in a Ziegfeld show in New York City. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. In Ellington's birthplace, Washington, D.C., the Duke Ellington School of the Arts educates talented students, who are considering careers in the arts, by providing intensive arts instruction and strong academic programs that prepare students for post-secondary education and professional careers. The Essentially Ellington High School Jazz Band Competition and Festival is a nationally renowned annual competition for prestigious high school bands. Trumpeter Ray Nance joined, replacing Cootie Williams who had defected to Benny Goodman. [25] With a weekly radio broadcast, the Cotton Club's exclusively white and wealthy clientele poured in nightly to see them. Washington, District of Columbia, United States, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York, New York, United States, Woodlawn Cemetery, The Bronx, Bronx, New York, United States. Over twelve thousand people attended his funeral at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, and one of the mourners said in her statement that a genius had passed. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Daisy is 25 degrees from Jennifer Aniston, 27 degrees from Drew Barrymore, 27 degrees from Candice Bergen, 32 degrees from Alexandre Dumas, 25 degrees from Carrie Fisher, 37 degrees from Whitney Houston, 28 degrees from Hayley Mills, 26 degrees from Liza Minnelli, 25 degrees from Lisa Presley, 29 degrees from Kiefer Sutherland, 24 degrees from Bill Veeck and 32 degrees from Brian Nash on our single family tree. His mother, Daisy Kennedy Ellington, a high school graduate (a rare achievement at that time) was a homemaker who projected a refined manner and taught him how to live elegantly. Despite taking piano lessons, Daisy son loved baseball, but at 14, after hearing Frank Holidays Poolroom pianists, he began loving instruments and took his piano lessons seriously. Announcing that the two pieces would be separated by an interlude played by tenor saxophonist Paul Gonsalves, Ellington proceeded to lead the band through the two pieces, with Gonsalves' 27-chorus marathon solo whipping the crowd into a frenzy, leading the Maestro to play way beyond the curfew time despite urgent pleas from festival organizer George Wein to bring the program to an end. Every Sunday she took her son to two churches, the 19th Street Baptist Church, where her family worshiped, and the John Wesley. [42] While he had composed and recorded some extended pieces before, such works now became a regular feature of Ellington's output. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. They were hired, and for the next few years Ellington and his now-expanded orchestra wowed the establishments all-white crowd. By 1927, Ellington's band had found a small base of fans and secured an engagement at Harlem's famous Cotton Club. On February 24, 2009, the United States Mint issued a coin with Duke Ellington on it, making him the first African American to appear by himself on a circulating U.S. [16], Ellington played throughout the D.C. area and into Virginia for private society balls and embassy parties. Born. He grew up in a middle class neighborhood of Washington D.C. Ellington was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha and was a freemason associated with Prince Hall Freemasonry. Ellington continued listening to, watching, and imitating ragtime pianists, not only in Washington, D.C., but in Philadelphia and Atlantic City, where he vacationed with his mother during the summer. In 2022, jazz historian Ted Gioia launched a petition to Give Duke Ellington the Pulitzer Prize He Was Denied in 1965. Its been signed by a number of Pulitzer Prizewinning musicians, including John Adams, David Lang, and Caroline Shaw, but hasnt reached its signature goal just yet. based on information from your browser. A genius has passed. That was Teddy Rooseveltjust him and his horse, nobody guarding him., Its often said that Ellington was nicknamed Duke because he was well-mannered and dapper in youth. To use this feature, use a newer browser. Sophisticated Ladies, an award-winning 1981 musical revue, incorporated many tunes from Ellington's repertoire. [15] He was also the group's booking agent. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? Although the work received mixed reviews, Ellington was proud of the composition and performed it dozens of times. Burial was planned at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx. During Duke's long career, the new music slowly spread out of bars and saloons, to dance and night clubs and then eventually onto the concert stage. On April 29, 1899, Edward Kennedy Ellington was born in Washington, D.C., to James Edward and Daisy Ellington. Later in New York he took advice from Will Marion Cook, Fats Waller, and Sidney Bechet. Ellington began playing it for his peers at parties, along with his second song, What You Gonna Do When the Bed Breaks Down?, which he described as a pretty good hug-and-rubbin crawl.. Resend Activation Email. They had 2 sons: Samuel Clyde Ellingtonand one other child. "I think he felt that in order for me to be eligible for his constant companionship, I should have a title. [49] During the tour, according to Sonny Greer, the newer works were not performed, though Ellington's extended composition, Harlem (1950) was in the process of being completed at this time. Snowden left the group in early 1924 and Ellington took over as bandleader. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. In the summer of that year, his father died, and due to many expenses, Ellington's finances were tight, although his situation improved the following year. Actually his serious appreciation of those and other modern composers, came after his meeting with Vodery.[29]. Edward was raised in a middle-class home in the Northwest section of Washington described by his sister Ruth--younger by sixteen years--as a "house full of love." . Mercer Kennedy Ellington. Thanks for your help! In 1957, CBS (Columbia Records' parent corporation) aired a live television production of A Drum Is a Woman, an allegorical suite which received mixed reviews. 1932, Social Lodge No. But Take the A Train ended up in the scrap pile due to Strayhorns worry that it sounded too derivative of jazz pianist Fletcher Henderson. Biography: Duke Ellington. Mercer Ellington had been handling all administrative aspects of his father's business for several decades. Daisy Kennedy was born in Washington, D.C., on January 4, 1879, the daughter of a former American slave. Leave a message for others who see this profile. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Nance was also an occasional vocalist, although Herb Jeffries was the main male vocalist in this era (until 1943) while Al Hibbler (who replaced Jeffries in 1943) continued until 1951. As a composer, arranger, pianist . Inducted into the International Society of Jazz Arrangers & Composers (ISJAC) Hall of Fame in 2017 (inaugural class). His parents, Daisy Kennedy Ellington and James Edward. Ellington objected in the interval, and compared Jeffries to Al Jolson. Just one grandparent can lead you to many With the help of his mother, Daisy, Edward Duke Ellington had a good demeanor and a great dress code; for that, his friends started calling him Duke. [37] Strayhorn, with his training in classical music, not only contributed his original lyrics and music, but also arranged and polished many of Ellington's works, becoming a second Ellington or "Duke's doppelganger". [38] The 1930s ended with a very successful European tour just as World War II loomed in Europe. Some of the jazz musicians who were members of Ellington's orchestra, such as saxophonist Johnny Hodges, are considered to be among the best players in the idiom. Spouse's Age: 19 Ruth's second husband was the bass-baritone McHenry Boatwright, whom she met when he sang at her brother's funeral. Daisy was known for primarily playing parlor-style songs while James was known for operatic arias. These provided easy accommodations, dining, and storage for equipment while avoiding the indignities of segregated facilities. She was a family person as she liked spending time with her grandkids, and also her siblings enjoyed spending time at her place since she was the oldest and welcoming. Originally built in 1935, the Calvert Street Bridge was renamed the Duke Ellington Bridge in 1974. Daisy primarily played parlor songs, and James preferred operatic arias. Many saw the Sacred Music suites as an attempt to reinforce commercial support for organized religion, though Ellington simply said it was "the most important thing I've done". Born Edward Kennedy Ellington, April 29,1899, in Washington, DC; died of lung cancer, May 24, 1974, in New York City; son of James Edward (a butler, carpenter, and blueprint maker) and Daisy (Kennedy) Ellington; married Edna Thompson, July 2, 1918; children: Mercer. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. Ellington channeled the Black American experience into works like Creole Rhapsody and Black, Brown and Beigethe latter an ambitious and nearly hour-long musical chronicle of Black American history that Ellington debuted at his first Carnegie Hall concert in 1943. In 1989, a bronze plaque was attached to the newly named Duke Ellington Building at 2121 Ward Place, NW. Failed to report flower. The young band met stride pianist Willie "The Lion" Smith, who introduced them to the scene and gave them some money. [5] [7] James Ellington made blueprints for the United States Navy. [18] In 1925, Ellington contributed four songs to Chocolate Kiddies starring Lottie Gee and Adelaide Hall,[19] an all-African-American revue which introduced European audiences to African-American styles and performers. Mills often took a co-composer credit. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. This is a carousel with slides. [76] Ellington appears on the reverse (tails) side of the District of Columbia quarter. [34] Ellington and his Orchestra also appeared in the features Murder at the Vanities and Belle of the Nineties (both 1934). She married James Edward Ellington and had two children; Duke and Ruth Ellington. From the beginning of their relationship, Mills arranged recording sessions on nearly every label including Brunswick, Victor, Columbia, OKeh, Path (and its Perfect label), the ARC/Plaza group of labels (Oriole, Domino, Jewel, Banner) and their dime-store labels (Cameo, Lincoln, Romeo), Hit of the Week, and Columbia's cheaper labels (Harmony, Diva, Velvet Tone, Clarion) labels which gave Ellington popular recognition. They hustled pool by day and played whatever gigs they could find. When he got ready to go, he would wave and we would wave at him, Ellington recalled. This account has been disabled. The album The Real Ambassadors has a vocal version of this piece, "You Swing Baby (The Duke)", with lyrics by Iola Brubeck, Dave Brubeck's wife. Ellington spent the rest of the 1910s booking gigs and meeting fellow musicians in D.C., and those inroads eventually opened up opportunities for him and his bandmatesknown then as the Washingtoniansin Philadelphia and New York City. "[82], In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Duke Ellington on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.[83]. Ellington melded them into the best-known orchestral unit in the history of jazz. Sorry! Some members stayed with the orchestra for several decades. Ellington continued on his own course through these tectonic shifts. Here are nine facts you might not have known about the legendary musician. Decent Essays. In 1965, the three jurors of the Pulitzer Prize for Music couldnt decide on a standalone work they felt was worthy of the prize, so they presented the Pulitzer Prize Board with an alternative: that a special citation be awarded to Duke Ellington, who has made many notable contributions to American music over a period of 30 years or more with compositions of high artistic quality couched mainly in the idiom of jazz, in the words of juror and music critic Ronald Eyer. The loss of her first pregnancy partly contributed to her depression. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. Daisy Kennedy Ellington's information is not available now. Langston Hughes described it as a Jim Crow club for gangsters and monied whites.. Try again. After a few months, the young musicians returned to Washington, D.C., feeling discouraged. She was a woman of great beauty and intelligence and had completed high school, rare for a black woman at the time. 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